Benjamin William Mkapa: uwo ari, n’ico yamariye Abarundi

Yaraye yitavye Imana mu bitaro vya Mhimbiri vyo mu gisagara ca Dar es Salaam, afise imyaka 81 y’amavuko. Yabaye umukuru w’igihugu yashoboye gushira mu ngiro imigambi uwamwitangiye imbere,  Ali Hassan Mwinyi, yari afise, maze ashikana igihugu ca Tanzaniya kw’iterambere rirama. Eka no mu guhuza Abarundi mu bibazo bagiye baracamwo, yaragaragaye cane. Muti none Mkapa ni nde, yamariye iki Uburundi n’Abarundi ? Ido n’ido. 

Benjamin William Mkapa yavutse ku wa 12 Munyonyo 1938, avukira mu ntara ya Mtwara i Masisi. Yize amashure matomato kw’ishure ry’i Ndanda mu bumanuko bwa Tanzaniya. Yarangirije Kaminuza y’ i Makerere mu gihugu c’Ubuganda mu 1962, aho yize Icongereza ; mu nyuma aca agenda kuyabandaniriza muri Amerika kuri kaminuza ya Korombiya, aho yaronkeye urupapuro rwisumbuye mu vy’imigenderanire n’amakungu, mu 1963. 

Agarutse mu gihugu c’amavukiro, yagenywe kuba umushikiranganji  w’ubutohoji, ubuhinga n’ivyigwa vya kaminuza. Mu 1982, ni we yatowe ngo arongore ubuserukizi bw’igihugu ciwe muri Kanada, hamwe no muri Amerika, mu 1983-1984. Kuva mu 1977 kugeza mu 1980, no kuva mu 1984 kugeza mu 1990, yari umushikiranganji w’imigenderanire n’Amakungu w’igihugu ca Tanzaniya. 

Kuva mu 1995-2005, yarongore igihugu ca Tanzaniya, intwaro yiwe ikaba yaranzwe n’iterambere, na canecane mu gisata c’ubudandaji, aho igihugu ciwe cagize urudandazwa rwisunga amategeko mpuzamakungu. 

Ibikorwa vyo guhuza Abarundi

Umwaka umwe kuva Mkapa ashitse ku butegetsi bw’igihugu ca Tanzaniya, Uburundi bwari mu makuba, maze mu nama ya kabiri y’ibihugu vy’akarere yashiriweho Uburundi yabereye mu gisagara ca Tunis mu gihugu ca Tuniziya muri Ntwarante 1996, ibihugu vyari vyitavye iyo nama vyatoye Mwalimu Kambarage Nyerere ngo abe ari we aba umuhuza w’Abarundi. Igisagara ca Arusha, mu gihugu Mkapa yari arongoye, ni co catowe kwakira ibiganiro, vyatanguye icese ku wa 15 Ruheshi 1998. Aho hose Mkapa, yari mu bakuru b’ibihugu bama bakorana biga ibihanze c’Uburundi.

Ariko kuva ico gihe, ubutegetsi bw’i Bujumbura bwaguma bwagiriza igihugu ca Tanzaniya ko coba gishigikiye imihari yarwanya Reta y’Uburundi ico gihe. Umuhuza Nyerere yitavye Imana muri Gitugutu 1999, kabaye akaryo keza kuri Reta y’Uburundi y’ico gihe, gusaba ko igihugu ca Tanzaniya kitosubira kurongora ivyo biganiro vy’amahoro. 

Benjamin Mkapa yari mu bantu batari bashigikiye ko igihugu ca Afirika y’epfo coza muri ivyo bikorwa, n’aho Reta y’Uburundi yoyo yari yizeye cane umuhuza Mandela, yahavuye ashikana Uburundi ku masezerano yo guhagarika intambara, n’amasezerano y’amahoro y’ i Arusha Benjamin Mkapa nawe nyene yashizeko umukono. 

2016, agomwa nk’uwufasha Museveni

Kuva muri Ndamukiza 2015, igihugu c’Uburundi cinjiye mu bibazo bidasanzwe, aho ibihugu bitandukanye n’amashirahamwe mpuzamakungu vyagerageje gusukamwo mabisi, kugeza hafashwe ingingo yo kurondera umuhuza yoza gufasha impande zari zitumva ibintu  kumwe. Cabaye igikorwa kitoroshe, kuko abatorwa bose ngo bahuze Abarundi, abatiyamirijwe batanze imihoho. 

Mu nama y’abakuru b’ibihugu vy’umuryango wa Afirika y’Ubuseruko yabaye ku wa 2 Ntwarante  2016, yihweza ibihanze Uburundi, umukuru w’igihugu ca Tanzaniya, John Pombe Magufuli, yasavye ko Benjamin Mkapa yoba umuhuza w’Abarundi, agafasha Museveni yari afatiriwe no gutegura amatora mu gihugu ciwe. 

Ntivyamwoheye na gato, kuko impande zose zaguma zicengacengana, zimwagiriza ibi canke biriya. Nta na rimwe bigeze bakorana impande zose zikwiye. Muri Kigarama 2016, yemeje ko Petero Nkurunziza ari umukuru w’igihugu c’Uburundi koko. Muri Nzero 2017, ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu (ONU) n’iry’Ubumwe bwa Afirika (UA) bitangaza ko bashigikiye Mkapa mu bikorwa vyiwe vyo guhuza Abarundi. 

Yitavye Imana Uburundi bwaraye butoye indongozi nshasha, nk’uko yavyipfuje mu nama igira gatanu yasozereye ibiganiro bihuza Abarundi. Hari muri Gitugutu 2018, inama Reta y’Uburundi itari yitavye. Ibiganiro vyaheze nk’aho ataco vyavuyemwo, Mkapa we nyene akemeza ko bitamushimishije.  

N’aho atari yizewe n’impande zose, ibibazo Uburundi bwagiye buracamwo kuva mu myaka ya 1990 yarbikwirikiraniye hafi cane. Ni yiruhukire amahoro.