Naho benshi batovyibaza uko, burya nta muhinga n’umwe arashobora gusigura neza inkomoko y’amajambo « umuhutu » n’ « umututsi », kuva ryari yatanguye gukoreshwa, canke kwerekana neza intumbero zatumye ayo majambo atangura gukoreshwa.
Ku bwa Mwigisha Lothaire Niyonkuru, yigisha ivyigwa bijanye n’indimi mu gisata c’indimi n’amayagwa nyafrika co muri kaminuza y’Uburundi, ayo majambo ni nk’amavuga makene adakomoka mu mavuga. Gutyo rero, ntivyoroshe kuronka insiguro zayo, na cane cane ko zitagiye zirahanahanwa urunganwe ku rundi, kuva muri kahise ka kera cane.
Umuhinga mu vy’akahise Jean Marie Nduwayo, akaba n’umuyobozi w’igisata ciga ivy’akahise muri kaminuza y’Uburundi nyene, asigura ko nimba kahise ata bisigisigi vy’insiguro z’ayo majambo gafise, ni uko ata kamaro yari afise mu kibano c’Abarundi. Kanatsinda, akahise kama gasigarana ibintu ngirakamaro gusa.
Abaminuje mu vy’amayagwa na kahise barahuriza ku kintu kimwe : nta bushakashatsi na bumwe bushemeye burakorwa kuri ayo majambo abiri burigera bukorwa. Ababigerageje bose basanze basa n’abafashe inzira idashika. Ku ruhande rumwe, ivyo bavuga ni ivyakozwe mu mpera z’ikinjana ca 19, hama bakabandanya n’ivy’intango z’ikinjana ca 20.
Uguhengama…
Uwa mbere yagerageje gutanga insiguro y’ « umuhutu » n’ « umututsi », tumusanga mu gitabu c’insiguro y’amajambo mu ndimi z’igifaransa n’ikirundi, canditswe n’umupadiri aturuka mu gihugu c’Ubuhorandi, yitwa Joannes Michael Van Der Burgt. Ico gitabu ciwe kikaba kivuga ku Burundi n’Abarundi, casohotse mu mwaka w’1903. Kivuga « Abatutsi » nk’abantu « b’igihagararo kinini, nko kugera ku metero 2 n’isantimetero 15 », ngo « kenshi womengo ni abagereki », baturuka mu bihugu bihana urubibe n’uburengero bw’Ubwongereza, « baciye ubwenge, abanyamayeri, bariyorobeka, bariyemera, bakizera gushika kure cane », « ni ubwoko bw’abungere », mu gihe « Abahutu » bameze nk’……, « ni abarimyi, b’igihagararo kibayabaye, birabura, bonze, bumutse, banyaruka gushavura, bakora batabanje kwiyumvira cane, bakunze kwihora, abasuma, bakaba ababeshi ».
Nayo kubwa kazinduzi y’ikirundi y’uwitwa Rodegem, asigura « umuhutu » nk’umurimyi afise urugero rw’ubuzima bubayabaye kandi abeshejweho n’uwundi muntu wo mu rwego rw’abifise. Ku bijanye n’umututsi, ico gitabu kimuvuga nk’umwungere wo mu bantu batunze cane.
Umudagi Hans Meyer nawe yashize ahabona igitabu citwa Die Barundi, bisigura « Abarundi », mu mwaka w’1916. Hari inyuma y’urugendo yagize mu 1911, mu burere bw’ibihugu vyari mu bukoroni bw’Abadagi, ku mugabane wa Afrika. Twibukanye ko Ubrundi, Urwanda n’akarere ka Tanganyika vyahoze biri mu minwe y’Abadagi gushika mu mpera z’intambara yambere y’isi yose.
Hans Meyer rero aratanga ishusho y’Abenegihugu bo mu Burundi. Uwo rero ashigikira ivy’uko abatutsi bazananye mu burere bw’uburaruko bushira ubuseruko. Ati : « Abatutsi bari abungere b’Abanyetiyopiya, hanyuma bashwara igihugu, baca bishingira intwaro zabo, baziremeka abasangwabutaka. Gutyo, baca baba abo mu murwi w’abatwara, abahutu nabo basanga bahindiwe mu murwi w’abakozi ». Tukibutsa k’uwo Hans Meyer yari asanzwe ari umuhinga mu vy’imenyeshantara. Akaba kandi umukerarugendo w’intaheba, ingendo ziwe zikaba zakunda kuba zigamije imyihwezo menyeshantara. Kanatsinda, yari ageze ku ngendo zitanu mwe n’izo, muri ako karere nyene.
Naho biri uko, turetse umwitwarariko yari afise wo kwiga ibijanye n’abantu, Hans Meyer yahavuye yiyadukiza nk’umuhinga mu vy’amoko. Inkurikizi yavyo ikaba yabaye ko asiga igitabu gitesha umurongo gusumba ibindi vyose vyabonetse. Abahinga b’Abafaransa ni bo bahavuye batahura uburemere bw’izo nkurikizi, babifashijwemwo n’umufaransa Jean Pierre Chrétien. Uyo yatanze insiguro z’ibiri muri ico gitabu, yisunze uko umufaransakazi Françoise Willmann yari yaragihinduye mu ruririmi rw’igifaransa, hari mu mwaka w’1984. Kubwiwe, iyerekwa ry’umwanditsi w’ico gitabu rirahengama cane iyo hageze gusigura ibijanye n’amamuko hamwe n’inyubako ndondorabantu z’ikibano cabo. Nawe avuga ati : « Yubakiye cane ku vyavugwa ata n’uwugira ico abivuzeko muri ico gihe ».
Kazinduzi y’igifaransa n’ikinyarwanda yashizwe ahabona n’ikigo c’ubuhinga c’i Butare mu Rwanda cifatanije n’ikigo ndangakaranga citiriwe umwami co mu gihugu ca Afrika yo hagati, tugisanga i Tervuren mu Bubirigi (2005), yisunga insiguro ziri mu migani n’ibitito kugira yerekane amamuko y’ « Abahutu n’Abatutsi » : « Gahutu, yamuka ku Mana, akaba ubuheta kuri Gatwa n’imfura kuri Gatutsi », nk’uko dushobora kuvyisomera.
Hakwiriye icigwa c’amayagwa…
Amajambo « Tutsi » na « Hutu », ni amatsitso dusanga mu karere k’ibiyaga binini. Arakoreshwa mu Burundi, mu Rwanda, co kimwe no muri Republika iharanira demokrasi ya Congo (Kivu).
Athanase Karayenga, incabwenge y’Umurundi, amenyesha ko ubushakashatsi bwose burondera amamuko y’ayo majambo bukwiye kwagurwa no gushika mu burere bwegereye Uburundi, ahoba hari ubwo bwoko bw’Abahutu n’Abatutsi. Ariko kandi akibaza ko mwene ico cigwa kizoba kigoye canke maze ntigishoboke : « Amajambo ‘hutu’, ‘tutsi’ na ‘twa’ nta nsiguro yiharije afise ». Ico ciyumviro agisangiye n’umwigisha Jean Marie Nduwayo : « Nta n’umwe azi inkomoko n’insiguro yayo. Abanyaburaya bambere bashitse mu Burundi, ni bo bagerageje gutahura insiguro zayo mu kinjana ca 19, ntazo batoye ». Ariko kandi, bari bafise amahirwe yo gushikira abahumure babunyoye mu mico n’akaranga ndundi. Kubw’uwo Jean Marie Nduwayo, haboneka gusa imigani n’ibitito vyateguwe n’abakoroni kuri ayo majambo.
Umuhinga mu vy’amayagwa Niyonkuru Lothaire asaba ko haba icigwa ngereranyo c’amayagwa. Ico cotegerezwa gukorera ku ndimi zo mu burere bubanyi bw’Uburundi, na cane cane Ikinyarwanda, Igiha, Igihangaza n’Ikinyankoré. Intumbero yoba ari iyo gutora insiguro y’ayo majambo abiri mu rurimi rumwe rumwe rwose, kugira barabe nimba afise insiguro zimwe.
Umuntu yokwibaza rero nimba ico cigwa kizoshoboka, mu gihe insiguro zayo zagiye zihinduka uko ibihe biha ibindi. « Kuba umututsi canke umuhutu mu Rwanda canke mu Burundi, ntibisigura kumwe, mu 1994 igihe c’ihonyabwoko, 1894 igihe Abazungu bashika, no mu 1794 igihe ubwami bwa kera bwashika ku ntambwe ishimishije no mu 1594 butanguye kwitunganya no kwiyubaka… », nk’uko vyandikwa na Jean Pierre Chrétien, ku rupapuro rwa 68 rw’igitabu ciwe L’ivention de l’Afrique des Grands Lacs : ni inkuru yo mu kinjana ca 20, yagiye ahabona mu 2010, biciye mu mw’iyandikiro ry’ibitabo Karthala.
Amajambo « hutu » na « tutsi » yararanze cane kahise ka politique y’Uburundi hagati mu kinjana ca 20. Kuri ayo majambo, harakomotseko ivyiyumviro vy’ubwicanyi vyatumye hagati y’Abarundi muri rusangi havukamwo ukwinubana gukomeye. Baricanye, baramarana, n’ibindi. Naho biri uko, nta vyigwa na bimwe vy’akahise birerekana itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y’Abahutu n’Abatutsi.
Ni uko rero, umuti ubereye ku Barundi kwoba ko Abarundi batera intambwe, bafatana mu nda nk’umuntu umwe, maze bamwe ntibabe baciyumva ngo ni Abahutu, abandi bakumva ko ari Abatutsi.
Soma kandi : Burundi: kuki hari abipfuza kwemerwa nk’ubundi bwoko ?
Kuberiki aho hambere twakuze twumva ijambo cnk umugirwa wo kwihutura? Ababikora baba bashakiki? Ico numva nuko ubwoko bwamyeho kandi hamyeho nibibutandukanya kuburyo hariho ubwoko biboneka ko bwamye burihejuru yubundi bwose.
emwe ndumiwe ivyo bintu bitey ubwoba gusa nashaka kumenya nimba ayomazina azohava akibagiranwa muburundi?kuko birabaj dupfa ubusa
Ivyovyose koko ntahobitari.
Burya amajambo « umuhutu », »umututsi », »umutwa »,ntasigura ubwoko bw’abantu n’ubwo habaye gutahura nabi kw’abayakoresha uno munsi ndetse no mu minsi iheze!
Bayahaye intumbero ya politique,bafata ko yoba ari amoko y’abantu ariko si vyo.
Burya ayo majambo yabonetse yisunga uko abantu bari babayeho.
Nk’uko mwagiye murabivuga,UBURUNDI bwagiye bubamwo abantu bavuye imihingo myinshi,kandi ntibashikira rimwe.
Mu kwitana ayo mazina(« hutu », »tutsi », »twa »),haragiyemwo akantu k’ubwishime canke ugusuzugurana.
Inkomoko y’ayo majambo,yavuye ahanini ku buzima umuntu yaba abayemwo.
Nk’ijambo « umutwa »,ryavuye ku kuntu ubona « abatwa » ari abahinga mu gukora ibikoresho dukunze gukoresha(nk’imbugita,imihoro,amasuka…).Muramaze kwumva rero ko icuma iyo bariko baragihondagura kivuga »twa »,twa », »twa ».Hari umuntu rero yaragiye kurondera igikoresho mu gace babamwo abo babikora,niko kuvuga ngo ngiye hamwe bagira »twa », »twa », »twa ».Bukebuke,havamwo haravuka izina « umutwa/abatwa ».Abantu bahondagura ivyuma.
Ijambo umututsi,ryavuye ku kuntu abantu baje kugerera UBURUNDI,baje bazanye inka,akaza bashikira ahantu bagasanga hariho abari babeshejweho n’ukurima,ukwaha ivyamwa,bari bitunganije mu kubaho kwabo.Birya twita »ubuserukizi »(gouvernement)kuko nta ngabo zitagira abatware.Rero kubera bari basanzwe banikomereye bivanye n’imirimo ya minsi yose(ukurima),barakiriye abo bantu bashasha baje,hakaba harimwo abo bita « baluci/muluci »=gisigura abatware/umutware » mu kirimi co mu karere ka bushi ya kera(ni hirya gato mu burengero bw’UBURUNDI);niko kudashoka babemerera ko nabo boba ari abatware nk’uko basanze abasangwa.Niko guca babita ngo ni « batutsi/mututsi »,kivuye mu rivuga « gutuka izina umutware ». »muluci »,rica rihinduka mututsi,rivuye ku kutemera ko ari abatware nk’uko bo babikora,na cane cane bakisunga imirimo barangura.
Hagati y’iyo migwi ibiri,haragumye ukutumvikana,naho bagumye babana.
Harahavuye haraboneka umuhanuzi yazobereye mu kubona ibintu n’ibindi aca arahanura ko kugira abo bantu bafise utuntu badahurizako,ko baja « barahana abageni ».Gutyo imiryango ikabona kunywana.
Ni naho havuye izina « umuganwa/abaganwa ».
Ubwa mbere,yari « umwana avuka kuri se w’umuhutu,na nyina w’umukobwa ava ku mututsi ».Uwo mwana rero kubera yaba ari umwana avutse ku mwami,baca bashima kumwita « umuganwa »,rivuye mu rivuga kugana/gutumbera.Mu gihe bamugize umutware,abamutumbera yabatunganiriza ataho ahengamiye.Bose baramugana/baramutumbera(umuganwa/umuntu bagana,batumbera baje gutura ibibazo bitandukanye,akanabitorera umuti ubereye).
Ijambo « umuhutu »naryo,nk’uko nabivuze ahandi,ryavutse bivanye n’ukuntu hamaze kuza abazungu,harabayeho ukwiyegereza abantu babona bogerageza kubafasha ibikorwa vyo gutunganya ubuzi nk’uko bari basanzwe bafise uko bitunganije iwabo,aho rero babatora mu baganwa hamwe n’abandi babona bagerageza igikorwa baba babashinze.Mu gihe hakenewe nk’ibikorwa vy’uguharura,ugutera ibiti iruhande y’inyubakwa zitandukanye,baca batumako bamwe babimenyereye bakaba bari babeshejweho n’uguca ingero i bwami/i bukuru.Hageze ko bamuha agahembo,murazi ko umukozi agirwa n’agahembo,hari umukarani umwe mu bari begereye ibikorerwa aho,yaciye avuga ngo »muhe utu/muh’utu »kuko ntiyashaka ko babitanga vyose nawe ngo abure utwo aja gutwarako.
Umuzungu wewe yaciye yibaza ko uwo muntu yitwa « muhutu ».
Nico gituma rero ubona ayo majambo yahavuye asagarara mu bijanye n’intwaro haba mu BURUNDI no mu RWANDA.Vyavuye ku kudatahurana,ukudahariranira ngo babone uko umuntu akwiye kubana n’uwundi,umwe wese akironderera ikimwungura(inyungu ya wenyene).
Ariko ku « muganwa »,haba kera canke ubu,biragoye kubona uguhengama kwiwe na cane cane mu bijanye n’ugutunganiriza iyo migwi yose.
Iwe, »umuhutu », »umututsi », »umutwa »,ni amajambo adafise agaciro,kanatsinda ayo majambo yavutse yisunga ukubaho(ibibatunze)kw’abantu.
Ukuri,n’uko naho kudakunzwe kwemerwa!
Abarundi baryana ataco bapfa.Ariko bizoteba birangire babane bumvikana muri vyose,ndetse n’ayo majambo »Hutu », »Tutsi », »Twa »,bayikuremwo mu kubaho kwabo maze duhange amaso ibikorwa vy’iterambere gusa,Abarundi dutunge dutuganirwe.
Ni harambe UBURUNDI,n’ababubamwo bose!
Nibaza Kwimana Ivyo Izobitubaza Kubigenderamwo Atanivyo Tuzi.
😂😂😂😂😂uhondaguye icuma, ntikivuga ngo “twa”, kivuga ngo “huju”. Cengeranye na “hutu”. Abatwa rero bari kwitwa abahutu
Naho wari ufise intumbero nziza yo kwunganira kugira abarundi tubane mu mahoro, nawe uravyishe kuko ubeshe cane! Wewe uduhaye insiguro yiyo vyavuye kandi n’igisomwa wunganiye cavuze ko mu bushakashatsi bakoze, baba abacanditse, n’incabwenge z’uburundi, n’ibitabo vyanditse, ko kugeza uwu musi atawuramenya insiguro y’ayo majambo (Ubuhutu, ubututsi, n’ubutwa) ?
Nawe uzanye igitito! Mu kinjana tugezemwo, ivyo twarabirenganye.
Ijambo umuhutu ryarakoreshwa n’imbere y’uko umuzungu ashika mu Burundi.
Jewe nsomye ivyo bitabu abo bashakashatsi bagiye barandika biragaragara ko bari bafise aho bahengamiye bivanye n’abagiye barabaha ayo makuru canke bivanye n’ukudatahura ururimi abantu babivugamwo. Jewe ngerageje gutahura neza ivyo Pacifique yanditse ndasangamwo ibimenyetso vyinshi vyerekana ko ivyo yavuze bishobora kuba birimwo ukuri kwinshi gusumba barya bashakashatsi. Ntivyumvikana ingene bovuga ngo ntibarabitohoza neza ngo bashike kukubitahura. Ahubwo harimwo benshi badashaka ko ukuri nyakwo kumenyekana kumbure kubera babibonamwo inyungu zibishingiyeko. Abantu rero bari bakwiye gusaba abarundi b’umutima bashaka ineza ya bose bakagira ivyigwa vyo kurondera inkomoko nyayo y’ayo majambo kugirango tuvure umugera w’ingwara abarundi twagwaye tureke kuguma tuvura ingaruka mbi zawo.